March 31 Wikipedia featured article

Tank Girl is a 1995 American science-fiction action-comedy film directed by Rachel Talalay. Based on the British post-apocalyptic comic series of the same name by Alan Martin and Jamie Hewlett that was originally published in Deadline magazine, the film stars Lori Petty, Naomi Watts, Ice-T and Malcolm McDowell. Set in a drought-ravaged Australia after a catastrophic impact event, the story follows the antihero Tank Girl (Petty) as she, Jet Girl (Watts), and genetically modified supersoldiers called the Rippers fight "Water & Power", an oppressive corporation led by Kesslee (McDowell). Tank Girl was filmed primarily in White Sands, New Mexico, and Tucson, Arizona. The critically praised soundtrack was assembled by Courtney Love, and the Rippers' makeup and prosthetics team was headed by Stan Winston. The film recouped only about $6 million of its $25 million budget at the box office. Talalay blamed some of the film's negative reception on studio edits over which she had no control. Despite mixed to negative reviews, it has drawn a cult following, in part for its feminist themes. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 31

March 31: King Nangklao Memorial Day in Thailand; Cesar Chavez Day in various US states

João Goulart

• 627 – Muslim–Quraish Wars: A confederation of tribes began an ultimately unsuccessful siege of Yathrib (now Medina) against Muhammad and his army.
• 1146 – French abbot Bernard of Clairvaux preached a sermon to a crowd at Vézelay, with King Louis VII in attendance, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade.
• 1822 – Greek War of Independence: Ottoman troops began the massacre of over 20,000 Greeks on the island of Chios.
• 1942 – Second World War: Because of a mutiny by Indian soldiers against their British officers, Japanese troops captured Christmas Island without any resistance.
• 1964 – Brazilian Armed Forces led an overthrow of Brazilian President João Goulart (pictured) and established a military government that lasted for 21 years.

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7 Précautions à Prendre pour Jouer au Casino en Ligne

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7 Précautions à Prendre pour Jouer au Casino en Ligne, à la Roulette, au Blackjack, aux Machines à Sous... sans risque

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March 30 Wikipedia featured article

Jumping Flash! is a platform video game co-developed by Exact and Ultra and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. The first instalment in the Jumping Flash! series, it was released in April 1995 for the PlayStation in Japan and later the same year in Europe and North America; it was re-released through PlayStation Network store on PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable in 2007. Presented in a first-person perspective, the game follows a robotic rabbit named Robbit as he searches for missing jet pods that have been scattered by the game's antagonist character, the astrophysicist Baron Aloha. The game has been described as an early showcase for 3D graphics in console gaming. Generally well received by critics, who praised its graphics and unique gameplay, it was later overshadowed by 3D platformers of the fifth console generation. It was described as the third-most underrated video game of all time by Matt Casamassina of IGN in 2007, and holds the Guinness World Record as the "First platform video game in true 3D". (Full article...)

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On this day: March 30

March 30: Land Day (Palestinians)

Usmar Ismail

• 1282 – Sicilians began to rebel against the rule of the Angevin King Charles I of Naples, starting the War of the Sicilian Vespers.
• 1842 – American physician Crawford Long became the first person to use diethyl ether as an anesthetic in a surgical procedure.
• 1899 – A committee of the German Society of Chemistry invited other national scientific organizations to appoint delegates to form the International Committee on Atomic Weights.
• 1950 – Usmar Ismail (pictured) began filming Darah dan Doa, formally recognised as the first Indonesian film.
• 1972 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese forces began the Easter Offensive in an attempt to gain as much territory and destroy as many units of the South Vietnamese Army as possible.

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Travail a domicile, VDI, MLM, Vente a domicile … Tout ce que vous avez toujours voulu savoir.

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March 29 Wikipedia featured article

Benjamin Franklin Tilley (March 29, 1848 – March 18, 1907) was an officer in the United States Navy and the first acting governor of what is now American Samoa. He entered the Naval Academy at age 15 during the Civil War and graduated in 1866. In the wake of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, he participated as a lieutenant in the military's crackdown against workers. During the 1891 Chilean Civil War, Tilley and a small contingent of sailors and marines defended the American consulate in Santiago, Chile. Commanding the gunship USS Newport in the Spanish–American War, he captured two Spanish Navy ships. After the war Tilley was promoted to captain and became the acting governor of Tutuila and Manua, present-day American Samoa, where he set legal and administrative precedents for the new territory. Tilley's successor, Captain Uriel Sebree, praised his "great ability, kindness, tact and sound common sense". He was promoted to rear admiral after almost 41 years of naval service, but died within a month from pneumonia. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 29

March 29: Boganda Day in the Central African Republic; Martyrs' Day in Madagascar (1947)

Mariner 10

• 845 – Viking raiders possibly led by the legendary Ragnar Lodbrok captured Paris and held the city for a huge ransom.
• 1638 – Swedish settlers founded New Sweden near Delaware Bay, the first Swedish colony in America.
• 1871 – The Royal Albert Hall in Albertopolis, London, was officially opened by Queen Victoria.
• 1941 – Second World War: British Royal Navy and Australian Navy ships intercepted and sank or severely damaged the ships of the Italian Regia Marina near Crete.
• 1974 – NASA's Mariner 10 (pictured), launched in November 1973, became the first spaceprobe to fly by the planet Mercury.

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March 28 Wikipedia featured article

The 139th Boat Race took place on 27 March 1993. Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames. Cambridge, using "cleaver blades" for the first time in the history of the race, won by three-and-a-half lengths in a victory that was described in The Times as "crushingly conclusive". The winning time of 17 minutes exactly was the fourth fastest time in the event. Cambridge's victory prevented what would have been Oxford's seventeenth win out of the last eighteen races, which would have levelled the overall score for the first time since the 1929 race. Oxford's crew featured two Olympic gold medallists and saw changes in their rowers and cox in the lead-up to the event. The race was umpired by the former Oxford Blue Mark Evans, who controversially instigated changes to the start procedure of the race. In the reserve race, Cambridge's Goldie defeated Oxford's Isis, while Cambridge won the Women's Boat Race. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 28

March 28: Teachers' Day in the Czech Republic; Serfs Emancipation Day in Tibet

Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers

• 193 – Praetorian Guards assassinated Roman emperor Pertinax and sold the throne in an auction to Didius Julianus.
• 1802 – German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers (pictured) discovered 2 Pallas, the second asteroid known to man.
• 1920 – An outbreak of 37 tornadoes across the Midwestern and Southern United States left more than 380 people dead.
• 1930 – Turkey changed the name of its largest city Constantinople to Istanbul.
• 1999 – Serbian police and special forces killed at least 89 Kosovo Albanians in the village of Izbica, in the Drenica region of central Kosovo.

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March 27 Wikipedia featured article

Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4, is an Easter chorale cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. Translated to "Christ lay in death's bonds" (pictured in an 18th-century Luther Bible), it is one of his earliest church cantatas, a genre to which Bach later contributed complete cantata cycles for all occasions of the liturgical year. The composition was probably intended for a performance in 1707, supporting his application for a post at a church in Mühlhausen. Both text and music are based on Martin Luther's Easter hymn of the same name. An opening sinfonia is followed by seven chorale variations per omnes versus: Bach used in each vocal movement the unchanged words and tune of a stanza of the chorale. The variations are arranged symmetrically: chorus–duet–solo–chorus–solo–duet–chorus, with the focus on the central fourth stanza about the battle between Life and Death. For his first Easter as Thomaskantor in Leipzig in 1724, Bach used the cantata again, and also for the following year as part of his cycle of chorale cantatas. In the extant score of the Leipzig performances, the four vocal parts are sometimes reinforced by a choir of trombones. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 27

March 27: Easter (Western Christianity, 2016)

USS Constitution

• 1329 – Pope John XXII issued a papal bull declaring that some of the works of German theologian and mystic Meister Eckhart were heretical.
• 1794 – To protect American merchant ships from Barbary pirates, the United States Congress passed the Naval Act to establish a naval force, consisting of the USS Constitution (pictured) and five other frigates, which eventually became the United States Navy.
• 1941 – Encouraged by the British Special Operations Executive, a group of pro-Western Serb-nationalist Royal Yugoslav Air Force officers planned and conducted a coup d'état after Yugoslavia joined the Axis powers.
• 1976 – The Washington Metro, the second-busiest rapid transit system in the US, opened to commuters.
• 2009 – The dam holding Situ Gintung, an artificial lake in Tangerang District, Indonesia, failed, resulting in floods killing at least 100 people.

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March 26 Wikipedia featured article

Winnipeg is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Manitoba. The name comes from Western Cree words for muddy or brackish water, referring to Lake Winnipeg, which is just north of the city along the Red River. The region was a trading centre for aboriginal peoples long before the arrival of Europeans. French traders built the first fort on the site in 1738. A settlement was later founded by the Selkirk settlers of the Red River Colony in 1812, the nucleus of which was incorporated as the City of Winnipeg in 1873. The census of 2011 lists Winnipeg as the seventh most populous municipality in Canada. Known as the "Gateway to the West", it is a transportation hub with a diversified economy. Its annual festivals include the Festival du Voyageur, the Winnipeg Folk Festival, the Jazz Winnipeg Festival, the Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival, and Folklorama. Winnipeg was the first Canadian host of the Pan American Games. It is home to several professional sports franchises, including the Winnipeg Blue Bombers (Canadian football), Winnipeg Jets (ice hockey), Manitoba Moose (ice hockey) and Winnipeg Goldeyes (baseball). (Full article...)

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On this day: March 26

March 26: Holy Saturday (Western Christianity, 2016); Independence Day in Bangladesh (1971)

A page from William Caxton's edition of Aesop's Fables

• 1344 – Reconquista: The Muslim city of Algeciras surrendered after a 21-month siege and was incorporated into the Kingdom of Castile.
• 1484 – William Caxton printed the first English translation of Aesop's Fables (page pictured).
• 1830 – The Book of Mormon, the defining sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement, was first published.
• 1978 – Four days before the scheduled opening of Japan's Narita International Airport, a group of protesters destroyed much of the equipment in the control tower with Molotov cocktails.
• 1999 – Jack Kevorkian, an American advocate for and practitioner of physician-assisted suicide, was found guilty of murder in the death of a terminally ill patient.

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March 25 Wikipedia featured article

Uncle David is a 2010 British black comedy film directed by David Hoyle, Gary Reich, and Mike Nichols. It was produced by Reich and stars Hoyle, an English performance artist, in the titular role alongside Ashley Ryder, best known as a pornographic actor. Developed collectively under the banner of the Avant-Garde Alliance, it was filmed in October 2009. Created without a script, every scene was improvised and filmed in a single take. The film is set in a caravan park on the Isle of Sheppey in Kent, South East England, and follows a young man with a childlike mind named Ashley (Ryder), who asks to stay with his delusional Uncle David (Hoyle). Escaping from his abusive mother, Ashley enters into a sexual relationship with his uncle, who offers his insights into the world and the nature of reality. Eventually Ashley tells David that he wants to die, and David agrees to carry out the killing. The film premiered on 25 March 2010 at the London Lesbian and Gay Film Festival held in the BFI Southbank in central London. It won the Grand Prize at the Paris Gay and Lesbian Film Festival Awards 2010, but reviews were mixed. It was released on DVD by Peccadillo Pictures in 2011. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 25

March 25: Shushan Purim in Jerusalem and Susa (Judaism, 2016); Independence Day in Greece (1821)

Zhu Di, the Yongle Emperor

• 1410 – The Yongle Emperor (pictured) launched the first of his military campaigns against the Mongols, resulting in the fall of the Mongol khan Bunyashiri.
• 1807 – The Slave Trade Act became law, abolishing the slave trade in the British Empire.
• 1917 – Following the overthrow of the Russian tsar Nicholas II, Georgia's bishops unilaterally restored the autocephaly of the Georgian Orthodox Church.
• 1949 – The Soviet Union began mass deportations of more than 90,000 people from the Baltic states to Siberia.
• 2006 – A gunman in Seattle, Washington, US, entered a rave afterparty and opened fire, killing six and wounding two, before committing suicide.

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March 24 Wikipedia featured article

The Oppenheimer security hearing (1954) of the US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) explored the background, actions and associations of J. Robert Oppenheimer. He had headed the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II, where he played a key part in the Manhattan Project that developed the atomic bomb. Doubts about Oppenheimer's loyalty dated back to the 1930s, when he was associated with Communist Party USA members, including his wife and his brother. At Los Alamos and in the AEC, he was involved in bureaucratic conflict between the Army and Air Force over the types of nuclear weapons the country required, technical conflict between the scientists over the feasibility of the hydrogen bomb, and personal conflict with AEC commissioner Lewis Strauss. The panel found that he was loyal and discreet with atomic secrets, but did not recommend that his security clearance be reinstated. This ended his role in government and policymaking. He became an academic exile, cut off from his former career and the world he had helped to create. The findings were seen as fair by some and as an expression of anti-Communist McCarthyism by others. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 24

March 24: Purim (Judaism, 2016); World Tuberculosis Day

Exxon Valdez aground

• 1603 – King James VI of Scotland acceded to the thrones of England and Ireland, becoming James I of England and unifying the crowns of the kingdoms for the first time.
• 1869 – The last of Māori leader Titokowaru's forces surrendered to the New Zealand government, ending his uprising.
• 1934 – The Tydings–McDuffie Act came into effect, which provided for self-government of the Philippines and for Filipino independence from the United States after a period of ten years.
• 1989 – The tanker Exxon Valdez (pictured) spilled more than 10 million US gallons of oil into Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing one of the most devastating man-made environmental disasters at sea.
• 2015 – The pilot of Germanwings Flight 9525 deliberately crashed the aircraft in a mass murder–suicide in the French Alps, killing all 150 people on board.

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March 23 Wikipedia featured article

The nuckelavee is a horse-like demon from Orcadian mythology that combines equine and human elements. The name of this most horrible of all the demons of the Scottish islands may be a progenitor of that by which the Devil is sometimes known, Old Nick. Though accounts describing the creature's appearance are inconsistent, its abilities are well-documented. The nuckelavee's breath can wilt crops and sicken livestock, and the creature has been held responsible for droughts and epidemics on land despite its being predominantly a sea-dweller. In common with many other sea monsters, it is unable to tolerate fresh water; therefore, those it is pursuing have only to cross a river or stream to be rid of it. The nuckelavee is kept in confinement during the summer months by the Mither o' the Sea, an ancient Orcadian divine and the only one able to control it. This mythological creature may have originated as a composite of a water horse from Celtic mythology and a creature imported by Norsemen. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 23

March 23: Fast of Esther (Judaism, 2016); Holi (Hinduism, 2016); Pakistan Day (1956); Day of Hungarian–Polish Friendship in Hungary and Poland

Bhagat Singh

• 1775 – American Revolution: Patrick Henry made his "Give me liberty, or give me death!" speech to the House of Burgesses of Virginia, urging military action against the British Empire.
• 1848 – Scottish settlers on the John Wickliffe, captained by William Cargill, arrived at what is now Port Chalmers in the Otago Region of New Zealand.
• 1888 – Led by William McGregor, ten football clubs met in London for the purpose of founding The Football League, the oldest league competition in world football.
• 1931 – Bhagat Singh (pictured), one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement, and two others were executed by British authorities.
• 1991 – The Sierra Leone Civil War began when the Revolutionary United Front, with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia, invaded Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow Joseph Saidu Momoh.

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March 22 Wikipedia featured article

P. engelhardti skull cast

Plateosaurus (probably meaning "broad lizard"), a genus of plateosaurid dinosaur, lived around 214 to 204 million years ago during the Late Triassic period in what is now Central and Northern Europe. It was an early sauropodomorph dinosaur, a so-called "prosauropod". It is now among the dinosaurs best known to science: over 100 skeletons have been found, some of them nearly complete. The abundance of its fossils in Swabia, Germany, has led to the nickname Schwäbischer Lindwurm (Swabian lindworm). Plateosaurus was a bipedal herbivore with a small skull on a long, mobile neck, sharp but plump plant-crushing teeth, powerful hind limbs, short but muscular arms and grasping hands with large claws on three fingers, possibly used for defence and feeding. Plateosaurus showed strong developmental plasticity: instead of having a fairly uniform adult size, fully grown individuals were between 4.8 and 10 metres (16 and 33 ft) long and weighed between 600 and 4,000 kilograms (1,300 and 8,800 lb). The animals lived for at least 12 to 20 years, but the maximum life span is not known. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 22

March 22

Phan Xich Long

• 1508 – Ferdinand II of Aragon appointed Amerigo Vespucci to the post of Chief Navigator of Spain.
• 1638 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony expelled Anne Hutchinson from its ranks for dissenting from Puritan orthodoxy.
• 1913 – Phan Xích Long (pictured), the self-proclaimed Emperor of Vietnam, was arrested for organising a revolt against the colonial rule of French Indochina, which was nevertheless carried out by his supporters the following day.
• 1963 – Please Please Me, the first album recorded by The Beatles, was released.
• 2006 – The remaining three Christian Peacemaker Teams hostages were rescued from their Iraqi captors by a multinational force.

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March 21 Wikipedia featured article

The Final Cut is the twelfth studio album by the English progressive rock group Pink Floyd, first released on 21 March 1983 by Harvest Records in the UK. It was the band's last studio album to include founding member Roger Waters, who received sole credit for writing and composition. It is also the only Pink Floyd album to which keyboardist Richard Wright did not contribute. Waters originally planned The Final Cut as a soundtrack album for the 1982 film Pink Floyd – The Wall, but with the onset of the Falklands War, he rewrote it as a concept album and dedicated it to his father, who died during the Second World War. Waters sang most of the lyrics and designed the packaging to reflect the album's anti-war theme. The Final Cut was recorded from July to December 1982 in eight British studios, but the album's production was dominated by interpersonal conflict, and Waters left the band in 1985. Although it reached the top of the UK Albums Chart, the album received mixed reviews. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 21

March 21: Naw-Rúz (Bahá'í calendar); Independence Day in Namibia (1990)

Phra Phrom statue, Erawan Shrine

• 630 – Byzantine emperor Heraclius restored the True Cross to Jerusalem.
• 1800 – After being elected as a compromise candidate after several months of stalemate, Pope Pius VII was crowned in Venice with a temporary papal tiara made of papier-mâché.
• 1871 – Founder of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck was proclaimed as its first Chancellor.
• 1946 – The Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League signed Kenny Washington, making him the first African American player in the league since 1933.
• 2006 – A man using a hammer smashed the statue of Phra Phrom (pictured) in the Erawan Shrine in Bangkok, Thailand, and was subsequently beaten to death by bystanders.

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March 20 Wikipedia featured article

Amir Hamzah (1911–1946) was an Indonesian poet and national hero. Born into an aristocratic Malay family in the Sultanate of Langkat, Sumatra, he began writing poetry while still a teenager. Though his works are undated, the earliest are from around 1930, when he first travelled to Java for schooling. He continued writing while studying in Surakarta and Batavia. He helped establish the literary magazine Poedjangga Baroe in 1932, and published his two poetry collections in it, Nyanyi Sunyi (1937) and Buah Rindu (1941). Amir stopped writing in 1937, when he grudgingly returned to Sumatra to marry the sultan's daughter and take on responsibilities of the court. After Indonesia proclaimed its independence in 1945, he served as the government's representative in Langkat; the following year he was killed in a socialist revolution and buried in a mass grave. His poetry deals with themes of love and religion, and often reflects a deep inner conflict. He has been called the "King of the Poedjangga Baroe-era Poets" and the only international-class Indonesian poet from before the Indonesian National Revolution. (Full article...)

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On this day: March 20

March 20: Nowruz in Iran, Central Asia, and Zoroastrianism (2016); Independence Day in Tunisia (1956)

Cyclone Larry

• 1602 – The Dutch East India Company—the first company to issue stock, one of the first multinational corporations, and possibly the first megacorporation—was established.
• 1760 – A fire of unknown cause broke out in Boston, Massachusetts, destroying 349 buildings and left over a thousand people homeless.
• 1942 – World War II: After being forced to flee the Philippines, US Army General Douglas MacArthur announced in Terowie, South Australia, "I shall return."
• 1987 – The antiretroviral drug zidovudine (AZT) became the first antiviral drug approved for use against HIV and AIDS.
• 2006 – Cyclone Larry (pictured) made landfall in Far North Queensland, eventually causing nearly AU$1 billion in total damage and destroying over 80 percent of Australia's banana crop.

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