May 18: Victoria Day in Canada (2015); Flag and Universities Day in Haiti; Day of Revival, Unity, and the Poetry of Magtymguly in Turkmenistan
- 1388 – During the Battle of Buyur Lake, General Lan Yu led a Chinese army forward to crush the Mongol hordes of Toghus Temur, the Khan of Northern Yuan.
- 1869 – One day after surrendering at the Battle of Hakodate, Enomoto Takeaki (pictured) turned over Goryōkaku to Japanese forces, signaling the collapse of the Republic of Ezo.
- 1896 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the landmark case Plessy v. Ferguson, upholding the legality of racial segregation in public transportation under the "Separate but equal" doctrine.
- 1955 – Operation Passage to Freedom, the evacuation of 310,000 Vietnamese civilians, soldiers and non-Vietnamese members of the French Army from communist North Vietnam to South Vietnam following the end of the First Indochina War, ended.
- 2005 – A second photo by the Hubble Space Telescope confirmed the discovery of two new moons of Pluto: Nix and Hydra.
More anniversaries: May 17 – May 18 – May 19
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