On this day: January 30

January 30: Martyrs' Day in India

• 1018 – The German–Polish War ended with the signing of the Peace of Bautzen between Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor and the Piast ruler of Poland, Bolesław I.
• 1835 – Richard Lawrence became the first person to make an assassination attempt on a sitting US President when was subdued by a crowd after he failed to kill Andrew Jackson.
• 1930 – Soviet meteorologist Pavel Molchanov launched one of the world's first radiosondes, a device attached to weather balloons to measure various atmospheric parameters.
• 1959 – On the return leg of her maiden voyage, the "unsinkable" Danish ocean liner Hans Hedtoft (pictured) struck an iceberg and sank with all 95 passengers and crew lost.
• 2000 – Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near Côte d'Ivoire shortly after takeoff, killing 169 on board.

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