September 9: Republic Day in North Korea (1948); Independence Day in Tajikistan (1991)
Amalthea
- 1141 – Yelü Dashi, the Liao dynasty general who founded the Qara-Khitai, defeated the Seljuq and Kara-Khanid forces at the Battle of Qatwan near Samarkand, present-day Uzbekistan.
- 1791 – The commissioners overseeing the construction of the United States' new capital city named it in honor of the first president: Washington, D.C.
- 1892 – At Lick Observatory, Edward Emerson Barnard discovered Amalthea (pictured), the third moon of Jupiter and the last natural satellite discovered by direct visual observation.
- 1939 – World War II: About 3,000 Polish Army forces began a nearly month-long defence of the Hel Peninsula during the German invasion of Poland.
- 2001 – Ahmad Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, was assassinated in Afghanistan.
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