March 13: Holi (Hinduism, 2017)
Pope Francis
- 1697 – Nojpetén, capital of the Itza Maya kingdom, fell to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala.
- 1845 – German composer Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto, one of the most popular violin concertos of all time, was first played in Leipzig.
- 1954 – Viet Minh forces under Võ Nguyên Giáp opened fire with a massive artillery barrage on the French military to begin the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the climactic battle in the First Indochina War.
- 1996 – A gunman killed sixteen children and a teacher at a primary school in Dunblane, Scotland, before committing suicide.
- 2013 – Francis (pictured) was elected pope, making him the first Jesuit, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere and the first non-European pope in over 1,000 years.
Mustafa Reşid Pasha (b. 1800) · Adolf Anderssen (d. 1879) · Odette Hallowes (d. 1995)
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