May 19: Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day in Turkey; Ho Chi Minh's birthday in Vietnam
- 639 – Ashina Jiesheshuai of the Eastern Turkic Khaganate failed in his attempt to assassinate Emperor Taizong of the Tang dynasty.
- 1743 – French physicist Jean-Pierre Christin published the design of a mercury thermometer with the centigrade scale, with 0 representing the freezing point of water and 100 its boiling point.
- 1780 – A combination of thick smoke, fog, and heavy cloud cover caused darkness to fall on parts of Canada and the New England area of the United States by noon.
- 1962 – Actress Marilyn Monroe (pictured) performed a sultry rendition of "Happy Birthday to You" during a televised celebration for U.S. President John F. Kennedy.
- 1997 – The Sierra Gorda Biosphere, which encompasses the most ecologically diverse region in Mexico, was established as a result of grassroots efforts.
Helena of Moscow (b. 1476) · Nellie Melba (b. 1861) · Nathaniel Hawthorne (d. 1864)
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