September 30: Independence Day in Botswana (1966); Blasphemy Day
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Henry IV of England
- 737 – Muslim conquest of Transoxiana: Turgesh tribes attacked the exposed Umayyad baggage train, which had been sent ahead of the main force, and captured it.
- 1399 – Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Lancaster, deposed Richard II to become Henry IV of England (pictured), merging the Duchy of Lancaster with the crown.
- 1882 – The Vulcan Street Plant, the first hydroelectric central station to serve a system of private and commercial customers in North America, went on line in Appleton, Wisconsin, US.
- 1965 – Members of the 30 September Movement attempted a coup against the Indonesian government, which was crushed by the military under Suharto, leading to a mass anti-communist purge with over 500,000 people killed over the following months.
- 2005 – The Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published controversial editorial cartoons depicting Muhammad, sparking protests across the Muslim world by many who viewed them as Islamophobic and blasphemous.
- More anniversaries:
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