Fridtjof Nansen
- 1141 – Empress Matilda became the first female ruler of England, adopting the title 'Lady of the English'.
- 1724 – Johann Sebastian Bach debuted the St John Passion, a musical representation of the Passion, at the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig.
- 1896 – An Arctic expedition led by Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen (pictured) reached 86°13.6'N, almost three degrees beyond the previous Farthest North mark.
- 1956 – Spain relinquished its protectorate in Morocco.
- 1994 – The Rwandan genocide began, a few hours after the assassination of President Juvénal Habyarimana; an estimated 500,000–1,000,000 Rwandans were killed in the following 100 days.
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