August 5: Independence Day in Burkina Faso (1960)
- 25 – Guangwu claimed the throne as emperor of the Han dynasty after Wang Mang, who had seized the throne himself and proclaimed the Xin dynasty, died when peasant rebels besieged Chang'an.
- 1772 – Russia, Prussia and Habsburg Austria began the First Partition of Poland to help restore the regional balance of power in Eastern Europe among those three countries.
- 1888 – Bertha Benz made the first long-distance automobile trip, going 106 km (66 mi) from Mannheim to Pforzheim, Germany, in a Benz Patent-Motorwagen (pictured), returning the next day.
- 1916 – First World War: The British Empire's Sinai and Palestine Campaign began with a victory in the Battle of Romani.
- 1981 – US President Ronald Reagan fired the 11,345 striking members of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization en masse.
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