- 1860 – South Carolina became the first of eleven slave states to secede from the United States, leading to the eventual creation of the Confederate States of America and later the American Civil War.
- 1951 – Experimental Breeder Reactor I (pictured) near Arco, Idaho, US, became the world's first electricity-generating nuclear power plant when it produced sufficient electricity to illuminate four 200-watt light bulbs.
- 1971 – Two groups of French doctors involved in humanitarian aid merged to form Doctors Without Borders.
- 1988 – The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances governing international cooperation against the illegal drug trade was signed in Vienna.
- 1999 – Portugal transferred sovereignty of Macau, which it had administered since the mid-16th century, to China.
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