January 26: Australia Day (1788); Republic Day in India (1950)
The Cullinan Diamond
- 1564 – Livonian War: A Lithuanian surprise attack resulted in a decisive defeat of the numerically superior Russian forces.
- 1808 – Governor of New South Wales William Bligh was deposed by the New South Wales Corps in the only successful armed takeover of government in Australia's recorded history.
- 1905 – The Cullinan Diamond (pictured), the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found at 3,106.75 carats (621.350 g), was discovered at the Premier Mine in Cullinan, Gauteng, South Africa.
- 1950 – Indian independence movement: India officially became a republic under a new constitution, with Rajendra Prasad as its first president.
- 2009 – Rioting broke out in Antananarivo, Madagascar, sparking a political crisis that led to the deposal of President Marc Ravalomanana.
More anniversaries:
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