Martha, the last passenger pigeon
- 1774 – Thomas Gage, royal governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, ordered soldiers to remove gunpowder from a magazine, causing Patriots to prepare for war.
- 1804 – German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding discovered one of the largest main belt asteroids, naming it Juno after the Roman goddess.
- 1914 – The passenger pigeon (pictured), which once had a population of at least 3 billion birds, became extinct, when the last individual died in captivity.
- 1969 – A bloodless coup led by Muammar Gaddafi overthrew Idris I of Libya.
- 1983 – A Soviet jet interceptor shot down the civilian airliner Korean Air Lines Flight 007 near Sakhalin Island in the North Pacific, killing all 246 passengers and 23 crew on board.
Hilda Rix Nicholas (b. 1884) · Yasuo Kuniyoshi (b. 1893) · Charles Atangana (d. 1943)
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