October 31: Halloween; Samhain begins (Northern Hemisphere); Beltane begins (Southern Hemisphere)
Indira Gandhi
- 1517 – According to traditional accounts, Martin Luther first posted his Ninety-five Theses onto the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, present-day Germany, marking the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
- 1913 – Public transportation workers in Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S., went on strike, shutting down mass transit in the city and sparking riots when strikebreakers attempted to restart services.
- 1973 – Three Provisional Irish Republican Army members escaped from Mountjoy Prison in Dublin aboard a hijacked helicopter which landed in the prison's exercise yard.
- 1984 – Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (pictured) was assassinated by two of her own Sikh bodyguards, sparking anti-Sikh riots throughout the country.
- 1999 – All 217 people on board EgyptAir Flight 990 were killed when the aircraft suddenly plummeted into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts, U.S.
John Keats (b. 1795) · Natalie Clifford Barney (b. 1876) · Charles Taze Russell (d. 1916)
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