October 9: Thanksgiving in Canada (2017); Hangul Day in South Korea (1446); Leif Erikson Day in the United States
- 1594 – Sinhalese–Portuguese War: Portugal had almost conquered the island of Sri Lanka when its army was completely annihilated, ending the Campaign of Danture.
- 1874 – The Universal Postal Union, then known as the General Postal Union, was established with the signing of the Treaty of Bern to unify disparate postal services and regulations so that international mail could be exchanged freely.
- 1942 – World War II: American forces defeated the Japanese at the Third Battle of the Matanikau in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, avenging the Japanese victory a couple of weeks earlier.
- 2012 – Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai (pictured) was gravely injured by a Taliban gunman in a failed assassination attempt.
- 2016 – Militants attacked a border police post in Myanmar, triggering a period of intense persecution of the Rohingya Muslim minority.
Camille Saint-Saëns (b. 1835) · Rockin' Robin (b. 1964) · Mona Best (d. 1988)
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