July 16: Feast day of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (Roman Catholic Church)
Mission San Diego de Alcalá
- 1769 – Spanish friar Junípero Serra founded Mission San Diego de Alcalá (pictured), the first Franciscan mission in the Alta California region of New Spain.
- 1782 – Mozart's opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail made its premiere, after which Emperor Joseph II anecdotally made the comment that it had "too many notes".
- 1931 – Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie signed the nation's first constitution, intended to officially replace the Fetha Nagast, which had been the supreme law since the Middle Ages.
- 1983 – A British Airways Sikorsky S-61 helicopter crashed in the Celtic Sea in thick fog, killing 20 of the 26 on board, and sparking a review of helicopter safety in the United Kingdom.
- 2007 – A magnitude 6.6 MW earthquake struck Niigata Prefecture, Japan, causing a leak of radioactive gases from the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant.
Fulrad (d. 784) · Anna Vyrubova (b. 1884) · Assata Shakur (b. 1947)
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