July 4: Republic Day in the Philippines (1946); Independence Day in the United States (1776)
Deep Impact collision with Tempel 1
- 414 – Aelia Pulcheria proclaimed herself regent over her brother Theodosius II and made herself Augusta and Empress of the Eastern Roman Empire.
- 1837 – The Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway, opened between Birmingham and Liverpool.
- 1950 – The United States' anti-communist propaganda source Radio Free Europe made its first broadcast aimed at Czechoslovakia.
- 1982 – Four Iranian diplomats were kidnapped after they were stopped at a checkpoint in northern Lebanon by Lebanese Phalange forces.
- 2005 – The NASA space probe Deep Impact impacted the nucleus of the comet Tempel 1 (impact pictured), excavating debris from its interior so that its composition could be studied.
Usama ibn Munqidh (b. 1095) · Calvin Coolidge (b. 1872) · Samuel Richardson (d. 1761) · Pitikwahanapiwiyin (d. 1886)
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