October 10: Thanksgiving in Canada (2016); National Day in Fiji (1970) and Taiwan (1911); Health and Sports Day in Japan (2016); Columbus Day and Indigenous People's Day in the United States (2016)
- 680 – Husayn ibn Ali, grandson of Muhammad, was killed in the Battle of Karbala by the forces of Yazid I, whom Husayn had refused to recognise as caliph.
- 1780 – One of the deadliest Atlantic hurricanes on record struck the Caribbean Sea, killing at least 22,000 people over the next several days.
- 1846 – English astronomer William Lassell discovered Triton (pictured), the largest moon of the planet Neptune.
- 1943 – World War II: The Kempeitai, the military police arm of the Imperial Japanese Army, arrested and tortured over 50 civilians and civilian internees on suspicion of their involvement in a raid on Singapore Harbour during Operation Jaywick.
- 1998 – General Augusto Pinochet was indicted for human rights violations committed in his native Chile and arrested in London six days later.
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