October 8: Independence Day in Croatia (1991)
Wreckage from the Harrow and Wealdstone train crash
- 451 – The Council of Chalcedon, a Christian ecumenical council, opened, and went on to repudiate the Eutychian doctrine of monophysitism and set forth the Chalcedonian Creed.
- 1076 – Demetrius Zvonimir, the last native king who exerted any real power over the entire Croatian state, was crowned.
- 1897 – Composer Gustav Mahler was appointed the director of the Vienna Court Opera.
- 1952 – Three trains collided (wreckage pictured) at Harrow & Wealdstone station in London killing 112 people and injuring 340.
- 2001 – In response to the September 11 attacks, U.S. President George W. Bush announced the creation of the Office of Homeland Security, with former Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge as its director.
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