October 9: Hangul Day in South Korea (1446); Leif Erikson Day in the United States
- 1446 – Scholars in the court of Sejong the Great promulgated the new Korean alphabet, now known as Hangul (sample pictured).
- 1831 – Ioannis Kapodistrias, the Greek head of state and the founder of Greek independence, was assassinated in Nafplion.
- 1913 – The ocean liner SS Volturno caught fire in the middle of a gale in the North Atlantic, burned, and sank, resulting in about 130 deaths.
- 1986 – The Phantom of the Opera, a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber currently the longest-running Broadway show in history, opened in London's West End.
- 2006 – North Korea conducted a nuclear test, reportedly near Kilchu, with an explosive force of less than one kiloton, that was condemned and denounced by many countries and the United Nations Security Council.
More anniversaries:
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